- Lignans are a type of polyphenolic compound found in plant-based foods, particularly in seeds, whole grains, and vegetables. They are known for their antioxidant properties and their role as phytoestrogens, meaning they can mimic or modulate estrogen activity in the body.
Contents
How are they Made?
Lignans are synthesized in plants through the phenylpropanoid pathway. They originate from phenylalanine, which undergoes enzymatic transformations to form precursors such as pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol, and matairesinol.
Uses
Food Production
- Found in high amounts in flaxseeds, sesame seeds, whole grains, and legumes.
- Contribute to the fiber content and antioxidant properties of plant-based foods.
- Used as functional ingredients in health foods and supplements.
Pharmaceuticals
- Studied for their potential role in hormone balance and cardiovascular health.
- Used in dietary supplements for their possible benefits in menopausal symptom management.
- Investigated for potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties.
Cosmetics
- Incorporated into skincare products for their antioxidant and skin-protective effects.
- Used in anti-aging formulations due to their potential hormonal activity.
Key Facts
- Flaxseeds are one of the richest dietary sources of lignans.
- Lignans are converted into enterolignans (enterodiol and enterolactone) by gut bacteria, which may influence hormone metabolism.
- They play a role in plant defense mechanisms and protection against environmental stress.
- Their bioavailability depends on gut microbiota composition and metabolism.
Health Benefits and Safety
Potential Health Benefits
- May support hormonal balance, particularly in postmenopausal women.
- Could contribute to heart health by supporting healthy cholesterol levels.
- May help reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.
Possible Side Effects
- High intake from supplements may interfere with hormone-sensitive conditions.
- Some individuals may experience digestive discomfort from excessive consumption.